Investigation of Distributed Moisture and Temperature Measurements in Transformers Using Fiber Optics Sensors

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Abstract
The measurement of water inside a transformer is essential to maintain its reliable operation, as the water content can increase as the transformer ages. This measurement is frequently performed by a utility as part of its annual maintenance activities. In this paper, the application of optical fiber sensors as an online method to measure the water content of paper inside an operating transformer is presented. There are several advantages of using these sensors, which includes their size, lightweight, flexibility, multiplexing, no-electromagnetic interference etc. A unique benefit of fiber optic technology is that sensors can be embedded into the winding structure and operate in areas of high electric field strength. For this work, fiber optic water and temperature sensors are investigated by comparing their measurements to a commercial water activity probe immersed in oil. The study found that the determination of water content by fiber optic sensors compared closely with other techniques, which leads to the conclusion that they can be an effective technology for water measurement in an operational transformer.
Funding Information
  • Australian Research Council
  • HDR program

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