Removal of contaminants by chlorella species: an effort towards sustainable remediation

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Abstract
According to the United Nations, Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) goal 6 and goal 14 seeks to ensure the sustainable management of water present over the earth for all. Urban cities saw a lot of expansion in terms of population and the number of industries established there. Water quality analysis becomes a huge requirement of today’s scenario due to the impurities present in water which harms the livelihood of society. Some of the hazardous impurities like heavy metals destruct the surroundings. In this study, the removal of heavy metals from wastewater with an efficient technique i.e. Bioremediation is represented with the analysis and evaluation of results recorded in the laboratory testing. Two samples were taken from two different sites which are being analyzed with the implementation methodology represented in the present article. The inclusion of the ANOVA model for the optimization of the outcome generated is evaluated and received the P-value and F-crit value. Two algae Chlorella Minutissima & Chlorella Singularis were evaluated based on their impurity removal efficiency as well an analysis of the biological treatment method over other chemical methods has been examined. The results were analyzed and represented in the form of a table as well and the variation in the value of WQP is shown in the form of graphs. The observation shows that the variation in WQP after the integration of algae lies under the permissible limit. Alkalinity is estimated in the range of 20–40 mg/l, Hardness lies in the range of 0–60mg/l, and pH comes approximately in a range of 6.5–8. The results of the ANOVA model is also depicted in graphical form highlighting the P-value and F-crit value of different result generated. Finally, the summary of the proposed work is illustrated with the challenges faced and future recommendations have been provided. Based on the evaluation, the framework is generated for the efficient technique used for heavy metal removal i.e. Bioremediation which provides a great advancement in the efficacy of removal of heavy metals.
Funding Information
  • The APC was funded by Tshwane University of Technology, South Africa.

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