Inhibition of Oxidative Stress through the Induction of Antioxidant Enzymes of Pigmented Rice Bran in HEK-293 Cells

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Abstract
The cellular antioxidant enzymes play an essential role on the protection of oxidative stress. Pigmented rice bran is the major sources of phytochemicals and elicits antioxidant property. However, the effects of pigmented rice bran on the upregulation of cellular antioxidant enzymes are incompletely understood. In this study, we demonstrated that treatment of HEK-293 cells with pigmented rice bran extracts (200 μg/mL) from Red Hawm, Red Rose, Black Sukhothai-II, and Kum Doisaket strains significantly inhibited H2O2-induced intracellular ROS production. These pigmented rice bran extracts induced mRNA expression of glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPx-1), glutathione reductase and catalase. Additionally, treatment with these rice bran extract also increased protein expression of GPx-1 and catalase. Thus, these pigmented rice bran extracts exert the cellular antioxidant effects by decreasing ROS generation as well as increasing the production of antioxidant enzymes.

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