${\rm SL}_3$-laminations as bases for ${\rm PGL}_3$ cluster varieties for surfaces

In this paper we settle Fock-Goncharov's duality conjecture for cluster varieties associated to their moduli spaces of ${\rm G}$-local systems on a punctured surface $\frak{S}$ with boundary data, when ${\rm G}$ is a group of type $A_2$, namely ${\rm SL}_3$ and ${\rm PGL}_3$. Based on Kuperberg's ${\rm SL}_3$-webs, we introduce the notion of ${\rm SL}_3$-laminations on $\frak{S}$ defined as certain ${\rm SL}_3$-webs with integer weights. We introduce coordinate systems for ${\rm SL}_3$-laminations, and show that ${\rm SL}_3$-laminations satisfying a congruence property are geometric realizations of the tropical integer points of the cluster $\mathscr{A}$-moduli space $\mathscr{A}_{{\rm SL}_3,\frak{S}}$. Per each such ${\rm SL}_3$-lamination, we construct a regular function on the cluster $\mathscr{X}$-moduli space $\mathscr{X}_{{\rm PGL}_3,\frak{S}}$. We show that these functions form a basis of the ring of all regular functions. For a proof, we develop ${\rm SL}_3$ quantum and classical trace maps for any triangulated bordered surface with marked points, and state-sum formulas for them. We construct quantum versions of the basic regular functions on $\mathscr{X}_{{\rm PGL}_3,\frak{S}}$. We also propose a generalization to higher ranks.