Spatial prediction of local soil erosion distribution in the Wasserstein space
- 1 June 2026
- journal article
- Published by Institute of Mathematical Statistics in The Annals of Applied Statistics
- Vol. 20 (2) , 1168-1186
Abstract
Obtaining precise erosion measurements requires costly fieldwork, making it infeasible to directly survey large domains such as a province or river basin. To extend fieldwork results across such extensive domains, we propose a novel spatial prediction method that treats local erosion distributions as objects in the Wasserstein space. These distributions are mapped into square-integrable trajectories and represented via basis expansion, forming a multivariate random field that captures spatial dependence. By applying local regression and Kriging in this representation, our approach flexibly models and predicts erosion distributions at arbitrary locations. This framework improves prediction for functionals of the distribution, such as the mean and exceedance probabilities. Simulation studies demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms a misspecified parametric alternative and existing Fréchet regression approaches. We illustrate the approach with a detailed erosion analysis in Shaanxi Province, China, where local measurements from surveyed watersheds are extended to predict erosion distributions across the entire province using covariates such as land use and elevation.Keywords
All Related Versions
This publication has 28 references indexed in Scilit:
- Modeling Probability Density Functions as Data ObjectsEconometrics and Statistics, 2022
- Geostatistical Functional Data Analysis2021
- Spatial Statistics for Distributional Data in Bayes Spaces: From Object-Oriented Kriging to the Analysis of Warping Functions2021
- An Invitation to Statistics in Wasserstein Space2020
- Spatial prediction and spatial dependence monitoring on georeferenced data streamsStatistical Methods & Applications, 2019
- Simplicial principal component analysis for density functions in Bayes spacesComputational Statistics & Data Analysis, 2016
- A kriging approach based on Aitchison geometry for the characterization of particle-size curves in heterogeneous aquifersStochastic Environmental Research and Risk Assessment, 2014
- Spatiotemporal characteristics, patterns, and causes of land-use changes in China since the late 1980sJournal of Geographical Sciences, 2014
- Interpolation of Spatial Data1999
- Statistics for Spatial Data1993