Periodontal Repair in Dogs: Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein‐2 Significantly Enhances Periodontal Regeneration

Authors:
  • MLMichael B. Lee
    Michael B. Lee
  • KKKohzoh Kubota
    Kohzoh Kubota
  • TTThomas J. Turek
    Thomas J. Turek
  • JWJohn M. Wozney
    John M. Wozney
  • UWUlf M.E. Wikesjö
    Ulf M.E. Wikesjö
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Abstract
This study evaluated bone and cementum regeneration following periodontal reconstructive surgery using recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein‐2 (rhBMP2) in six beagle dogs. Surgically created mandibular supraalveolar premolar tooth defects in contralateral jaw quadrants were randomly assigned to receive rhBMP‐2 or control vehicle. Clinical defect height was prepared to 5 mm. rhBMP‐2 was applied with synthetic bioerodable particles and autologous blood using 20 μg rhBMP‐2 per 100 μl implant volume. Flaps were advanced to submerge the teeth and sutured. The dogs were sacrificed 8 weeks postsurgery. Histometric recordings included defect height, height and area of alveolar bone regeneration, height of cementum regeneration, root resorption, and ankylosis. Group means, standard deviations, and P values are shown (Student t test; n = 6). Histometric defect height for rhBMP‐2 and control defects was 3.7±0.3 and 3.9±0.4 mm, respectively (P = 0.446). Height of alveolar bone regeneration amounted to 3.5±0.6 and 0.8±0.6 mm for rhBMP‐2 and control defects, respectively (P = 0.000). Corresponding values for bone area were 8.4±4.5 and 0.4±0.5 mm2, respectively (P = 0.006). Cementum regeneration was observed in all experimental defects (17/17) and in 15 out of 17 controls, averaging 1.6±0.6 and 0.4±0.3 mm for rhBMP‐2 and control defects, respectively (P = 0.005). Small amounts of root resorption were seen in rhBMP2 defects, whereas controls exhibited substantial resorption (0.2±0.1 and 1.1±0.3 mm, respectively; P = 0.001). When present, ankylosis was limited and localized in both rhBMP‐2 and control defects, suggesting it was unrelated to the experimental variable. Our data suggest that wound conditioning with rhBMP‐2 has a significant potential for stimulating periodontal regeneration. J Periodontol 1995; 66:131–138.

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