Design, synthesis, and antiproliferative activity of new indole/1,2,4‐triazole/chalcone hybrids as EGFR and/or c‐MET inhibitors

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Abstract
A novel group of indolyl‐1,2,4‐triazole‐chalcone hybrids was designed, synthesized, and assessed for their anticancer activity. The synthesized compounds exhibited significant antiproliferative activity. Compounds 9a and 9e exhibited significant cancer inhibition with GI50 ranging from 3.69 to 20.40 µM and from 0.29 to >100 µM, respectively. Both compounds displayed a broad spectrum of anticancer activity with selectivity ratios ranging between 0.50–2.78 and 0.25–2.81 at the GI50 level, respectively. The synthesized compounds were also screened for their cytotoxicity by 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazole‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazol (MTT) assay and for inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and c‐MET (mesenchymal‐epithelial transition factor). Some of the tested compounds exhibited significant inhibition against EGFR and/or c‐MET. Compound 9b showed the highest c‐MET inhibition (IC50 = 4.70 nM) compared to foretinib (IC50 = 2.5 nM). Compound 9d showed equipotent activity compared with erlotinib against EGFR (IC50 = 0.052 µM) and displayed significant c‐MET inhibition with an IC50 value of 4.90 nM.

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