Preliminary study of the degradation of biocellulose based film using soil fungi Aspergillus unguis TP3 and Paecilomyces marquandii TP4 producing cellulose

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Abstract
Bacterial cellulose or biocellulose (BC) is cellulose produced from the activity of bacteria in the suitable growth media containing glucose as mainly carbon source. Due to its unique properties, BC is used for edible packaging. Many studies reported on anti bacterial activity on BC based-edible packaging against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus as as well as Listeria monocytogenes. This study reports the biodegradation of BC (sample A) based-film by using Aspergillus unguis and Paecilomyces marquandii. For comparison, BC film was added with CMC (sample B), with glycerol (sample C), with CMC and glycerol (sample D), respectively. Biodegradation was carried out using broth fermentation and solid substrate fermentation (SSF). BC films (1 cm x 1 cm) and fungi were fermented in 100 mL of sterile aquadest for 60 days with agitation (120 rpm at room temperature). For treatment in SSF, fungi were inoculated into BC films for 60 days at room temperature in petridish. Results showed that all compounds of films were still available based on FTIR results. The physical performance of films BC was in solid chewy (A), like chewy thread (B and C), and like powder (D) form. Results showed that both fungi biodegraded films through broth fermentation whereas no biodegradation activity on SSF. From SEM analysis, it showed that the film surfaces performed fine and smooth morphology.

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