Africa's rapid urbanization presents both opportunities and challenges. By 2040, the continent will host 12 megacities and numerous secondary cities poised to be drivers of regional development. Rwanda, through its innovative National Urbanization Policy, exemplifies a forward-looking approach by decentralizing growth from Kigali to six secondary cities. A key but often underexplored aspect of this urbanization strategy is the integration of cultural institutions, such as museums, as pillars for heritage conservation, education, and tourism. Museums in Rwanda's secondary cities, including the Ethnographic Museum in Huye and the King's Palace Museum in Nyanza, play an instrumental role in fostering cultural identity and economic development. This study explores how museums contribute to the sustainable urbanization of Rwanda's secondary cities, complementing broader efforts to enhance economic growth, preserve heritage, and foster inclusive community engagement.