Application of Nitrogen and Silicon Rates on Morphological and Chemical Lodging Related Characteristics in Rice (Oryza sativa L.) at North of Iran

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Abstract
Rice-based irrigated lowlands are the major cropping system in north of Iran. This experiment was carried out in split plot in basis of randomized complete block design with three replications at north of Iran in 2010. Main plot was nitrogen rates including (0, 50, 100 and 150 kg N ha -1 ) applied as urea and sub plot was silicon rates (0, 300 and 600 kg ha -1 ) applied as calcium silicate. Results showed that minimum of the plant height, flag leaf length, fourth inter-node bending moment and grain yield (4350 kg ha -1 ) were obtained at N 0 , as well as the maximum of the plant height, panicle length, flag leaf length, third inter-node length were observed at N 100 and N 150 , respectively. But the highest of bending moment obtained for fourth inter-node and maximum grain yield (6063 kg ha -1 ) was observed in N 150 . Treatment Si 600 had increased significantly over control in plant height, stem length, panicle length, third inter-node length, third inter-node bending moment, cellulose, hemi-cellulose and lignin in relation to 7.76, 9.91, 30.18, 31.03, 18.71, 7.60, 34.50 and 26.26 %, respectively. Therefore treatment with N 150 and Si 600 had shown best results for agronomical indices and grain yield.

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