Abstract
A structured benefit-risk assessment (BRA) is critical for drug development and lifecycle management. How to select B-R endpoints, determine weighting for these endpoints, and evaluate uncertainties are key aspects of the B-R decision-making process. In this article, we discuss key considerations on endpoint selection, challenges of double counting and correlated endpoints, and methods that can be used to address these challenges. In addition, we discuss the use of qualitative and quantitative weighting in BRA, techniques useful for weight construction, and weights based on empirical preferences. Potential sources for uncertainties in BRA, the approaches to illustrate and to address these uncertainties are described. Finally, we emphasize that benefit-risk assessment is a continuous process and requires cross-functional efforts.

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