Smoking Cessation and Short- and Longer-Term Mortality

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Abstract
Smoking Cessation and MortalityIn this meta-analysis of four national cohorts (total of 1.48 million adults followed for 15 years, in whom 122,697 deaths occurred), current smokers had higher hazard ratios for death compared with never smokers (2.8 for women, 2.7 for men). Survival between 40 and 79 years of age was 13 years less in people who smoked compared with never smokers. Former smokers showed lower hazard ratios (1.3 in both women and men). Cessation at every age was associated with longer survival, with benefits evident as early as 3 years after cessation.

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