Sensory Processing Sensitivity (SPS) describes a personality trait or a style of processing both external and internal inputs, ranging from very deep and reflective to shallow and quick. Variance in the components of SPS has been recently demonstrated to be attributable to both genetic and unique environmental factors, confirming the presence of stable biologically-influenced individual differences in SPS. Meanwhile, the knowledge of whether these estimates are replicable across other populations and whether particular factors may modulate the genetic-environmental architecture of SPS is limited. Thus, in the sample of 3455 German twins from the TwinLife twin registry (Nmonozygotic twins=1641, Ndizygotic twins=1814; Mage=18.17(4.89) years), we explored the structure and the degree of genetic and environmental contribution to SPS using a shorter version of the Hypersensitive Person Scale (HSP). We considered three subscales (EOE, Ease of excitation; LST, Lower sensitivity threshold; and AES, Aesthetic Sensitivity), and, further, examined whether the proportion of genetic (A) and environmental (E) variances varied between individuals in urban or rural environments.Approximately one third of the differences in the latent trait SPS (A:37%[30;43], E:(63%[57;70]) and its components were attributed to additive genetic factors, and the two thirds to unique environmental factors. Genetic and environmental factors tent to explain the shared variances within three subscales. For EOE, in contrast to the other subscales, genetic differences were slightly larger in urban areas (34%[28;40]) than in rural areas (30%[23;38]). The nature and development of SPS, the potential influence of living environment and the usefulness of the SPS for environmental neuroscience are, further, discussed.