Anthracene‐Based Cyclophanes with Selective Fluorescent Responses for TTP and GTP: Insights into Recognition and Sensing Mechanisms

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Abstract
Three anthracene‐based cyclophanes were synthesized and their binding properties towards nucleoside triphosphates were studied. A new polycyclic amine derived from dearomatized anthracene was identified as a major side product in the cyclization reaction between 9,10‐anthracenedicarboxaldehyde and diethylenetriamine. Its structure was determined by single‐crystal X‐ray analysis. The cyclophanes were found to form 1:1 complexes with all nucleoside triphosphates as well as with pyrophosphate in a buffered aqueous solution at pH 6.2. A turn‐on fluorescence response was observed for all nucleotides except for GTP, which demonstrated strong fluorescence quenching. The strongest turn‐on fluorescence was observed for the largest receptor 3 in the presence of thymidine triphosphate (TTP). Based on the NMR and fluorescence experiments, two major binding modes for nucleotide complexes were identified.
Funding Information
  • Massachusetts Department of Fish and Game (3444/12-1)

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