Clinical-pathological and sociodemographic factors associated with the distant metastasis and overall survival of oral cavity and oropharynx squamous cell carcinoma

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Abstract
Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of clinical-pathological and sociodemographic factors on the prevalence of distant metastasis (DM) and overall survival in patients with oral cavity and oropharynx squamous cell carcinoma (OOSCC). Material and Methods: Cross-sectional study based on the records of 404 OOSCC patients evaluated for DM, covering the period 2000-2014. We analysed the influence of age, sex, level of schooling, primary tumor subsite, treatment, marital status, family history of cancer, history of smoking and alcohol consumption, type of health care coverage (private vs. public) and overall survival. Findings were submitted to Fisher's exact test, Pearson's chi-squared test, Mantel-Cox log-rank testing and multinomial and Cox regression analysis (SPSS v. 20.0; p<0.05). Results: The prevalence of DM was 5.4% (22/404). The respiratory tract was the most affected DM site (n=9; 40.9%). Male sex (p=0.049), oropharyngeal primary tumor (p=0.008), stage T3-4 (p=0.022), lymph node metastasis (N+) (p65 years (p=0.046), indigenous/brown racial type (p=0.045), palliative treatment (p=0.035) and DM (p=0.048). Conclusions: Lymph node metastasis independently increased the prevalence of DM and, along with male sex, older age, brown racial type and palliative treatment, was independently associated with poor prognosis in patients with OOSCC.

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