Abnormal expression of FOSB correlates with tumor progression and poor survival in patients with gastric cancer

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Abstract
FOSB protein is encoded by the FOSB gene in humans, which shares structural similarities with the prototype of the Fos family. FOSB plays a role by AP-1 complex which is composed of heterodimers of Jun and Fos members. Our experiment aimed to evaluate the effect of FOSB in gastric cancer (GC) patients and then probe its significance in prognosis. We detected the expression of FOSB in GC and adjacent non-cancerous tissues by western blot analysis and real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR). Moreover, we analyzed FOSB expression in patients who underwent resection procedures using immunohistochemistry. The relationship between the expression of FOSB, the clinicopathological characteristics and the patients survival were also investigated. Furthermore, in vitro, we evaluated the effects of FOSB gene on gastric cancer cell viability, proliferation and migration by MTT, clone formation and transwell assays. Finally, the Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test were used to compare the overall survival between high FOSB expression group and low FOSB expression group. Immunohistochemical staining data showed that FOSB expression was significantly decreased in gastric cancer cases. In addition, we confirmed FOSB downregulation in both mRNA and protein levels in GC tissues compared with matched adjacent non-cancerous tissues. Downregulated expression of FOSB was correlated with poor differentiation, lymph node metastasis and advanced TNM stage. Moreover, we found that low FOSB expression exhibited a significant correlation with poor prognosis for GC patients by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. Overexpression of FOSB significantly suppressed cell proliferation, clone formation and migration in GC cell lines. In contrast, silencing of FOSB expression in GC cells promoted proliferation, clone formation and migration. Our results showed that FOSB plays a crucial role in the suppression of GC, and that it may be a useful biomarker in diagnosis and prognosis for GC patients.

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