Biological characteristics and life tables of Neoseiulus umbraticusChant (Acari, Phytoseiidae) at three constant temperatures

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Abstract
The development time, survival and fecundity of the generalist predatory mite, Neoseiulus umbraticusChant, were determined at 20, 25, and 30 °C and 65 ± 10 % RH. N. umbraticus females completed development in 9.7, 8.0 and 5.9 days, respectively, using a diet of all life stages of Tetranychus cinnabarinus Boisduval. Total developmental times of males were relatively shorter at 25 and 30 °C than at 20 °C. In general, preoviposition, oviposition, and postoviposition periods of N. umbraticus shortened as temperature increased. The longest survival rate of N. umbraticus of 80.5 days occurred at 20 °C, followed by 67.0 and 57.6 days at 25 and 30 °C, respectively. Mated females laid an average 0.9, 1.3 and 1.4 eggs per female per day and 33.1, 44.0 and 43.6 eggs over their entire lives at 20, 25 and 30 °C, respectively. The sex ratios of this species were 0.57, 0.57 and 0.54 female (female+male) at 20, 25 and 30 °C, respectively. The intrinsic rate of increase (rm) became greater with rising temperatures from 0.123 at 20 °C to 0.180 at 30 °C. The net reproduction rate (Ro) was highest at 25 °C (25.0 females/female) and lowest at 20 °C (18.8 females/female), while To decreased with increasing temperatures, from 23.8 days at 20 °C to 17.5 days at 30 °C.

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