Tribological and cavitation properties of laser cladding Al x CoCrFeNi 2.1 high entropy alloy coatings

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Abstract
To address the problem of cavitation damage and wear loss of turbine blades, cylinder liners for marine engines, valves in hydraulic systems, and other overflow components in long-term service underwater. This paper using laser cladding technology to prepare Al x CoCrFeNi 2.1 high-entropy alloy coatings with different Al contents on the surface of 0Cr13Ni4Mo stainless steel. Investigates the effect of Al content on the tribological and cavitation performance of the Al x CoCrFeNi 2.1 high-entropy alloy coatings. The results indicate that within the studied range of Al element content ( x = 0.1–0.9), the coating exhibits optimal wear resistance and cavitation resistance when x = 0.9. Compared with the base material, this corresponds to an 18.18% lower friction coefficient, 63.76% better wear resistance, and 12.6% improved cavitation resistance. In addition, with the increase of Al element content, the FCC phase of the coating gradually transforms to the BCC phase, forming a more obvious and uniform dual-phase structure consisting of FCC and BCC. This dual-phase structure improves the hardness of the coating while maintaining its toughness. It also helps reduce the coefficient of friction as well as the amount of abrasion and wear, and significantly enhances the coating’s cavitation resistance. This work provides technical guidance for the application of Al x CoCrFeNi 2.1 high-entropy alloy coatings in cavitation-resistant coatings for hydraulic turbines.
Funding Information
  • National key research and development program (2023YFB4604800)
  • Defense Industrial Technology Development Program (JKCY2023510C006)

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