T cells redirected against CD70 for the immunotherapy of CD70-positive malignancies

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Abstract
T-cell therapy with genetically modified T cells targeting CD19 or CD20 holds promise for the immunotherapy of hematologic malignancies. These targets, however, are only present on B cell–derived malignancies, and because they are broadly expressed in the hematopoietic system, their targeting may have unwanted consequences. To expand T-cell therapies to hematologic malignancies that are not B cell–derived, we determined whether T cells can be redirected to CD70, an antigen expressed by limited subsets of normal lymphocytes and dendritic cells, but aberrantly expressed by a broad range of hematologic malignancies and some solid tumors. To generate CD70-specific T cells, we constructed a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) consisting of the CD70 receptor (CD27) fused to the CD3-ζ chain. Stimulation of T cells expressing CD70-specific CARs resulted in CD27 costimulation and recognition of CD70-positive tumor cell lines and primary tumor cells, as shown by IFN-γ and IL-2 secretion and by tumor cell killing. Adoptively transferred CD70-specific T cells induced sustained regression of established murine xenografts. Therefore, CD70-specific T cells may be a promising immunotherapeutic approach for CD70-positive malignancies.

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