Communications: Infrared spectroscopy of gas phase C3H3+ ions: The cyclopropenyl and propargyl cations

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Abstract
C 3 H 3 + ions produced with a pulsed discharge source and cooled in a supersonic beam are studied with infrared laser photodissociation spectroscopy in the 800–4000 cm−1 region using the rare gas tagging method. Vibrational bands in the C–H stretching and fingerprint regions confirm the presence of both the cyclopropenyl and propargyl cations. Because there is a high barrier separating these two structures, they are presumed to be produced by different routes in the plasma chemistry; their relative abundance can be adjusted by varying the ion source conditions. Prominent features for the cyclopropenyl species include the asymmetric carbon stretch (ν5) at 1293 cm−1 and the asymmetric C–H stretch (ν4) at 3182 cm−1, whereas propargyl has the CH2 scissors (ν4) at 1445, the C–C triple bond stretch (ν3) at 2077 and three C–H stretches (ν2, ν9, and ν1) at 3004, 3093, and 3238 cm−1. Density functional theory computations of vibrational spectra for the two isomeric ions with and without the argon tag reproduce the experimental features qualitatively; according to theory the tag atom only perturbs the spectra slightly. Although these data confirm the accepted structural pictures of the cyclopropenyl and propargyl cations, close agreement between theoretical predictions and the measured vibrational band positions and intensities cannot be obtained. Band intensities are influenced by the energy dependence and dynamics of photodissociation, but there appear to be fundamental problems in computed band positions independent of the level of theory employed. These new data provide infrared signatures in the fingerprint region for these prototypical carbocations that may aid in their astrophysical detection.

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