Minimisation of electric vehicle charging stations impact on radial distribution networks by optimal allocation of DSTATCOM and DG using African vulture optimisation algorithm

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Abstract
Electric vehicles (EVs) are becoming increasingly popular, as the results of fossil fuels are going to be exhausted in the future. Although, the excessive use of electric vehicles is advantageous because it reduces the greenhouse gas emissions, but it also requires charging stations to recharge their batteries. In such a case, the Electric Vehicle Charging Station (EVCS) puts an additional burden on the utility grid which causes additional system power losses and voltage deviation. Furthermore, it also lowers the voltage stability index. To minimize the impact of EVCSs on the distribution system, charging stations are integrated into the distribution system in coordination with Distribution Static Compensator (DSTATCOM) and Distributed Generation (DG). In this paper, the African Vultures Optimization Algorithm (AVOA) is used to determine the optimal position of EVCSs, DGs, and DSTATCOMs. The objective function is to reduce the real power loss index and voltage deviation index while enhancing the voltage stability index. Also, the AVOA results are validated by comparing them to the results of the grey wolf optimizer algorithm. The suggested approach is examined on 33 bus, 69 bus, and 136 bus systems. Researchers, academics, industrialists, and society all benefited from this research work.

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