EFFECTS OF ANNONA SENEGALENSIS AND SECURIDACA LONGEPEDUNCULATA EXTRACTS ON THE PROTEINS IN ECHIS OCELLATUS VENOM, WHICH CAUSES ARTERIAL HYPOTENSION.

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Abstract
Some victims die, others survive with disabilities following the ophidian envenomations. Among the clinical signs of snake bites is hypotension. Most of snake bites victims live in countryside use medicinal plants to treat themselves in case of snakes bite. This study is part of research on antivenom effects of Annona senegalensis and Securidaca longepedunculata, specifically, the mechanisms by which both plants control blood pressure variation caused by Echis ocellatus venom. Venom toxicity tests determined LD50 of E. ocellatus venom in Sprague-Dawley rats, which is equal to 0.235 mg/kg. E. ocellatus venom decreases mean arterial blood pressure in rats to 27.16 ± 3.04 % and decreased heart rate to 49.51 ± 3.16 beats/min. Hydroethanolic extracts of A. senegalensis and S. longepedunculata slow down the decrease in blood pressure caused by E. ocellatus venom significantly (p > 0.05) the mean arterial pressure at doses of 20 mg/kg. These results show that hydroethanolic extract of A. senegalensis roots and hydroethanolic extract of S. longepedunculata roots have antivenom properties against E. ocellatus venom.

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