Exploring Prognostic Markers for Patients With COVID‐19 in a Low‐Resource Setting: A Cross‐Sectional Study

Authors:
  • MBMohammad Zabed Jillul Bari
    Mohammad Zabed Jillul Bari
  • ZAZ. H. M. Nazmul Alam
    Z. H. M. Nazmul Alam
  • RRRanjon Kumer Roy
    Ranjon Kumer Roy
  • SRSoumitra Roy
    Soumitra Roy
  • GTGoutam Talukder
    Goutam Talukder
  • MAM. M. Jahangir Alam
    M. M. Jahangir Alam
  • SBShafiqul Bari
    Shafiqul Bari
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Abstract
Aim: Triaging patients based on prognostic biomarkers may contribute to better management of at‐risk patients in resource‐constrained settings. This study aimed to explore readily available and cost‐effective predictors of mortality among COVID‐19 patients. Methods: This cross‐sectional study, conducted across multiple centers, involved patients with COVID‐19 admitted to four hospitals in Bangladesh. The analysis encompassed demographic information, clinical features, laboratory findings, and in‐hospital outcomes. Logistic regression was utilized to identify factors contributing to mortality risk. Results: Among 442 patients, 55 (12.44%) experienced mortality. The patients’ mean was 60 ± 14 years. DM (76% vs. 62%), IHD (42% vs. 19%), CKD (35% vs. 15%), and COPD (24% vs. 11%) were the most prevalent comorbidities in nonsurvivors. Compared to the survivor group, median NLR (7 vs. 4.1; p = 0.005), ferritin (507 vs. 328; p = 0.21), and D‐dimer (900 vs. 567; p = 0.12) were higher in the nonsurvivor group. Higher age (OR = 1.05; 95% CI = 1.02–1.08), coexisting CKD (OR = 2.59; 95% CI = 1.27–5.29), leukocytosis (OR = 2.52; 95% CI = 1.21–5.28), thrombocytopenia (OR = 0.27; 95% CI = 0.12–0.61), lower SpO2 upon admission (OR = 0.92; 95% CI = 0.89–0.95), and more extensive lung involvement on CT (OR = 1.01; 95% CI = 1.001–1.03) were significant risk factors of in‐hospital death.

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