BCI based multi-player 3-D game control using EEG for enhancing attention and memory

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Abstract
Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) technique is considered as an efficient alternative modality for improving brain functions such as attention and cognition, based on real time feedback of Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals and their self-regulation. Commercialization of EEG headsets provides tremendous opportunities and possibilities for this technology to employ EEG in video games for cognitive-skill enhancement. This paper proposes a multi-player video game in 3-D environment controlled by EEG features related to 3 different levels of attention. A number of conventional control mechanisms present in commercial games such as keyboard strokes have also been integrated in the game. Three different levels of attention have been detected from players based on their sample entropy features and band power values in alpha, beta and theta bands of EEG. Three subjects have successfully navigated in the designed 3-D environment using EEG based controls as well as keyboard inputs. Experimental results reveal the feasibility of integrating brain signal based inputs along with conventional control inputs in the context of multi-player neurofeedback games for improving brain functions.

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