Validation of the Bangla WHO-5 Well-being Index

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Abstract
Background: Subjective wellbeing in terms of objective outcome can be useful to determine the level of progress in clinical practice as well as research studies in Bangladesh. Besides, cultural understanding of well-being for Bangladeshi population is also equally important to report. A valid Bangla version of the five-item WHO Well-being Index can be a suitable measure to achieve the purposes. Therefore, the present study aimed at validating the WHO-5 Well-being Index for general population in Bangladesh. Methods: After following the standard procedures for translation, back-translation, and committee translation, the initial Bangla version of the scale was developed and pretested. Based on the feedback during pretesting, a slight modification was made and the final version was developed. This final version was administered to 269 participants of different socioeconomic backgrounds to find out the reliability and validity of the scale from March 2019 to May 2019. The data analysis was conducted using SPSS 24. Results: The scale demonstrated acceptable internal consistency (α = 0.754) and test-retest reliability (r = 0.713), divergent validity (r = −0.443, p < 0.01 with the Bangla version of Perceived Stress Scale-10) and convergent validity (r = 0.542, p < 0.01 with the Bangla version of Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale). The data also yielded one-factor structure for the scale in exploratory factor analysis explaining 38.68% of total variance. The factor-structure was further supported in the confirmatory factor analysis (χ2 = 295.852, χ2/df = 2.017, RMSEA = 0.062, CFI = 0.986, TLI = 0.964, and SRMR = 0.0255). Conclusion: The findings suggested the Bangla version of the WHO-5 Well-being Index is a psychometrically valid and reliable tool for general adult population in Bangladeshi when it comes to measuring subjective well-being both in clinical practice and research studies.

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