The Shear Bond Strength of Gum-Imitating Composites with Traditional Composites—Preliminary Studies

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Abstract
The use of resin-based composite imitating gum tissue enhances the aesthetics of fillings located below the physiological gum line. The shear bond strength (SBS) between the gum-imitating composite and the traditional composite with different surface preparation methods was examined. The aim of the study was to evaluate which base material—G-aenial Universal Injectable (GC, Japan, flow) or G-aenial A’CHORD (GC, Japan, paste)—performs better, as well as to determine the most effective preparation method among sandpaper (control), 36% orthophosphoric acid (H3PO4), sandblasting, and 9.5% hydrofluoric acid (HF). The tested gum-imitating material was Amaris Gingiva (VOCO, Germany). The connection between the composites was evaluated using a Z005 (Zwick-Roell) universal device. Surface tests were carried out using an SJ-410 (Mitutoyo) profilometer. Evaluation of the prepared surface structures was performed using scanning electron microscopy (HITACHI S-4700). Etching with HF significantly improved the shear bond strength between composites. Sandblasting also enhanced the adhesion results, but the H3PO4 group achieved comparable results to the control group. However, since HF is not recommended for intraoral use, sandblasting (30 μm aluminum oxide particles applied with three passes at constant speed under a pressure of 2 bar from 1.5 cm) appears to be the most suitable clinical alternative.

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