Long afterglow SrAl2O4:Eu,Dy phosphors for CdS quantum dot-sensitized solar cells with enhanced photovoltaic performance

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Abstract
An efficient bifunctional structured layer composed of long afterglow SrAl2O4:Eu,Dy phosphors on top of a transparent layer of nanocrystalline TiO2 was fabricated for use in CdS quantum dot-sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs). The introduction of SrAl2O4:Eu,Dy increases the photocurrent of the QDSSCs mainly due to enhanced light harvesting abilities via improved light absorption and scattering. Under one sun illumination (AM 1.5G, 100 mW cm−2), cells containing SrAl2O4:Eu,Dy show a marked improvement in their conversion efficiency (1.24%) compared with cells without SrAl2O4:Eu,Dy (0.98%). After one sun illumination for 1 min, after which the light source was turned off, cells containing SrAl2O4:Eu,Dy show an efficiency of 0.07% under dark conditions due to the irradiation by the long persistent light from SrAl2O4:Eu,Dy. The present strategy should provide a possibility to fulfil the operation of solar cells even in the dark.

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