The Synergistic Influences of OH[sup −] Concentration and Electrolyte Conductivity on the Redox Behavior of Ni(OH)[sub 2]/NiOOH

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Abstract
The synergistic influences of the OH−OH− concentration and electrolyte conductivity on the redox behavior of NiOOH/Ni(OH)2NiOOH/Ni(OH)2 for nickel oxide-coated graphite electrodes are clearly demonstrated by voltammetric and impedance analyses. The increase in the OH−OH− concentration and electrolyte conductivity effectively promote the utilization of active nickel species and the electrochemical reversibility of NiOOH/Ni(OH)2NiOOH/Ni(OH)2 , indicating the simultaneous involvement of OH−OH− and cations in the redox transition. The upper limit for utilizing Ni oxyhydroxides is mainly determined by the OH−OH− concentration, which is facilely reached by increasing the electrolyte conductivity (adding Na2SO4Na2SO4 ). The synergistic phenomena could be very important in the applications of Ni oxide-based batteries, supercapacitors, sensors, electrochromic devices, and organic synthesis.

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