Goat Milk Exosomes As Natural Nanoparticles for Detecting Inflammatory Processes By Optical Imaging

Authors:
Open Access
Publisher website
Google Scholar
Abstract
Exosomes are cell‐derived nanovesicles with a proven intercellular signaling role in inflammation processes and immune response. Due to their natural origin and liposome‐like structure, these nanometer‐scale vesicles have emerged as novel platforms for therapy and diagnosis. In this work, goat milk exosomes are isolated and fully characterized in terms of their physicochemical properties, proteomics, and biochemical profile in healthy mice, and used to detect inflammatory processes by optical imaging. For the in vitro and in vivo experiments, the exosomes are covalently labeled with the commercial fluorophores sulfo‐Cyanine 5 and BODIPY‐FL to create nanoprobes. In vitro studies using confocal imaging, flow cytometry, and colorimetric assays confirm the internalization of the nanoprobes as well their lack of cytotoxicity in macrophage populations RAW 264.7. Optical imaging in the mouse peritoneal region confirms the in vivo ability of one of the nanoprobes to localize inflammatory processes. In vivo imaging shows exosome uptake in the inflamed peritoneal region, and flow‐cytometric analysis of peritonitis exudates confirms the uptake by macrophage and neutrophil populations. These results support the promising use of goat milk exosomes as natural probes in the detection of inflammatory processes.
Funding Information
  • Instituto de Salud Carlos III (PI20/01632)
  • European Regional Development Fund
  • Comunidad de Madrid (Y2018/NMT‐4949, S2017/BMD‐3867)
  • Consejería de Educación e Investigación
  • European Social Fund Plus (PEJD‐2018‐POST/BMD‐9592)
  • Instituto de Salud Carlos III
  • European Social Fund Plus (CD19/00136)
  • Instituto de Salud Carlos III
  • Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación
  • Horizon 2020 Framework Programme

This publication has 43 references indexed in Scilit: