Development of a protocol for the semi‐synthesis and purification of betaxanthins
- 18 May 2006
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Wiley in Phytochemical Analysis
- Vol. 17 (4) , 262-269
Abstract
A method for the analytical and semi‐preparative chromatographic purification of betaxanthins is described together with an improved procedure for the semi‐synthesis of these compounds from betalamic acid. Standard conditions for obtaining preparative amounts of betaxanthins free of the precursor amino acids are provided. Following this procedure, 14 pure betaxanthins were obtained with yields of up to 100%. A simple reversed‐phase HPLC protocol for pigment identification and quantification is also provided. Calibration for betaxanthins is reported for the first time using the synthesised and purified pigments as standards. Structures were confirmed by UV–vis spectroscopy, HPLC retention times and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Betaxanthins can be obtained pure, and in sufficient amounts for further studies, which opens up new perspectives in the research and applications of these pigments. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.Keywords
This publication has 32 references indexed in Scilit:
- Betaxanthins as Substrates for Tyrosinase. An Approach to the Role of Tyrosinase in the Biosynthetic Pathway of BetalainsPlant Physiology, 2005
- Applications of the Ninhydrin Reaction for Analysis of Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins to Agricultural and Biomedical SciencesJournal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2004
- Natural Pigments: Carotenoids, Anthocyanins, and Betalains — Characteristics, Biosynthesis, Processing, and StabilityCritical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 2000
- Characterization and Quantification of Betacyanin Pigments from DiverseAmaranthusSpeciesJournal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 1998
- Characterization of the antiradical activity of betalains fromBeta vulgaris L. rootsPhytochemical Analysis, 1998
- Betaxanthin pattern of hairy roots from Beta vulgaris var. lutea and its alteration by feeding of amino acidsPhytochemistry, 1997
- Spontaneous autoxidation of dopamineJournal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 2, 1995
- Kinetics of the Degradation and Regeneration of BetanineJournal of Food Science, 1985
- Synthesis of betalamic acidThe Journal of Organic Chemistry, 1977
- BETANINE SEPARATION AND QUANTIFICATION BY CHROMATOGRAPHY ON GELSJournal of Food Science, 1977