Hard x-ray nanoprobe based on refractive x-ray lenses

Based on nanofocusing refractive x-ray lenses a hard x-ray scanning microscope is currently being developed and is being implemented at beamline ID13 of the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (Grenoble, France). It can be operated in transmission, fluorescence, and diffraction mode. Tomographic scanning allows one to determine the inner structure of a specimen. In this device, a monochromatic $(E=21\mathrm{keV})$ hard x-ray nanobeam with a lateral extension of $47\times 55{\mathrm{nm}}^2$ was generated. Further reduction of the beam size to below 20 nm is targeted.