The Prevalence, Detection, and Epidemiological Correlates of Peripheral Vascular Disease: A Comparison of Diabetic and Non‐diabetic Subjects in an English Community

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Abstract
A cross‐sectional study was performed to investigate the distribution, methods of detection, and potential risk factors for peripheral vascular disease in a diabetic population with comparison to an age and sex matched non‐diabetic group. The population came from a geographically defined area consisting of 10 general practices (total list size 97 034) and covered rural and urban districts of East Dorset. Peripheral vascular disease was defined as an ankle/brachial Doppler pressure ratio of 0.9 or less. Of the diabetic subjects reviewed, 864 were classified as having Type 2 diabetes and 213 Type 1 diabetes. The prevalence of peripheral vascular disease in Type 1 diabetes was 8.7% (95% CI 4.9–12.5) and in Type 2 diabetes 23.5% (95% CI 20.5–26.5), which after adjusting for age was not significantly different (odds ratio 1.5, 95% CI 0.8–2.7, p = 0.18). There was no difference in the frequency of symptomatic peripheral vascular disease or the site of occlusion between diabetic and non‐diabetic subjects with peripheral vascular disease. Age, cerebrovascular disease, coronary artery disease, glucose, body mass index, and cholesterol in Type 2 diabetes and age and proteinuria in Type 1 diabetes were significant predictors of peripheral vascular disease. In the non‐diabetic group, age and cigarettes smoked were significant variables. These findings suggest that clinical features of peripheral vascular disease in diabetic and non‐diabetic subjects are similar but risk determinants may be different.

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