A Novel Context-Aware Reliable Routing Protocol and SVM Implementation in Vehicular Area Networks

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Abstract
The Vehicular Ad-hoc Network (VANET) is an innovative technology that allows vehicles to connect with neighboring roadside structures to deliver intelligent transportation applications. To deliver safe communication among vehicles, a reliable routing approach is required. Due to the excessive mobility and frequent variation in network topology, establishing a reliable routing for VANETs takes a lot of work. In VANETs, transmission links are extremely susceptible to interruption; as a result, the routing efficiency of these constantly evolving networks requires special attention. To promote reliable routing in VANETs, we propose a novel context-aware reliable routing protocol that integrates k-means clustering and support vector machine (SVM) in this paper. The k-means clustering divides the routes into two clusters named GOOD and BAD. The cluster with high mean square error (MSE) is labelled as BAD, and the cluster with low MSE is labelled as GOOD. After training the routing data with SVM, the performance of each route from source to target is improved in terms of Packet Delivery Ratio (PDR), throughput, and End to End Delay (E2E). The proposed protocol will achieve improved routing efficiency with these changes.
Funding Information
  • King Saud University (RSP2023R509, 62461/03.06.2022, PN 19 11, 19PFE/30.12.2021, 101073879)
  • the Ministry of Investments and European Projects through the Human Capital Sectoral Operational Program 2014–2020 (RSP2023R509, 62461/03.06.2022, PN 19 11, 19PFE/30.12.2021, 101073879)
  • Ministry of Research, Innovation, Digitization from Romania by the National Plan of R & D (RSP2023R509, 62461/03.06.2022, PN 19 11, 19PFE/30.12.2021, 101073879)
  • RDI (RSP2023R509, 62461/03.06.2022, PN 19 11, 19PFE/30.12.2021, 101073879)
  • the National Center for Hydrogen and Fuel Cells (CNHPC)—Installations and Special Objectives of National Interest (IOSIN) (RSP2023R509, 62461/03.06.2022, PN 19 11, 19PFE/30.12.2021, 101073879)
  • UEFISCDI Romania and MCI (RSP2023R509, 62461/03.06.2022, PN 19 11, 19PFE/30.12.2021, 101073879)
  • European Union's Horizon Europe (RSP2023R509, 62461/03.06.2022, PN 19 11, 19PFE/30.12.2021, 101073879)

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