Purcell-enhanced emission from nitrogen-vacancy centers in nanodiamonds in a photonic integrated silicon nitride slot waveguide

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Abstract
We report a silicon nitride photonic structure that enhances and directs emission from nitrogen-vacancy centers in nanodiamonds, aiming at scalable integration into photonic integrated circuits. The design consists of two parallel ridge waveguides separated by a subwavelength air gap, supporting a confined optical mode that increases the local density of optical states, thereby enhancing spontaneous emission via the Purcell effect. A Bragg reflector is included to recover emissions that would otherwise radiate out of plane, directing it toward the output waveguide. Controlled localization of nanodiamonds within lithographically defined regions is achieved through lithographic masks. Fluorescence lifetime measurements reveal a ninefold emission rate enhancement, with Purcell factors up to 8.9 and simulated β-factors of up to 13.7%. This approach provides a compact platform that combines slot-waveguide emission enhancement with lithography-assisted nanodiamond localization for integration with photonic integrated circuits and compatibility with other solid-state quantum emitters.
Funding Information
  • Secretaría de Ciencia, Humanidades, Tecnología e Innovación (FORDECYT-PRONACES 29871)
  • Secretaría de Ciencia, Humanidades, Tecnología e Innovación (FORDECYT-PRONACES/194758)
  • Ministère de l'Enseignement supérieur, de la Recherche et de l'Innovation, France (ECOS Nord (M19P01)
  • Allocations Doctorales Grand Est, France (Qsim)
  • ANR Graduate School NANO-PHOT (ANR-18-EURE-0013)

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