An Adaptive BESS Controller for Stability Enhancement of Islanded Low Voltage Microgrids

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Abstract
Battery energy storage system (BESS), as grid forming unit, can quickly regulate voltage and frequency for a 100% inverter-based islanded low voltage microgrid. However, due to some inherent characteristics of this network, such as: (a) coupling among voltage and frequency dynamics, (b) dynamics of dc source, and (c) timescale coupling among converter and network, small-signal stability is a major concern. This paper proposes an adaptive feed-forward compensation scheme for each BESS unit to reduce dynamic interactions among converters and network/load parameters. Additionally, the proposed scheme can enhance system damping capability for a wide range of operating conditions without the need for any prior/ continuous generation/network information or additional sensors. This technique can preserve the voltage/frequency regulation capability of the traditional (ω − P/V − Q) droop control scheme for any low voltage networks. The existing small-signal model is modified to include dc-source, dc link, and proposed feed-forward dynamics, which assists in analyzing the impact of dc-side, acside, and network parameters on system small-signal stability. The system performance is analyzed with extensive case studies conducted on a CIGRE TF C6 : 04 : 02 benchmark system. The proposed model is validated using a real-time digital simulator with hardware-in-loop setup
Funding Information
  • Department of Science and Technology, India (DST/EE/2018174)
  • Indo-US Science and Technology Forum (IUSSTF/EE/2017282)
  • New Brunswick Innovation Foundation, Canada (TRF_2022_013)

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