Yogurt Enriched with Omega-3 Fatty Acids

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Abstract
Yogurt represents a traditional fermented dairy product characteristic of the Balkan Peninsula and is widely consumed in the Republic of Bulgaria. The aim of the present study was to develop omega-3-enriched yogurt. Four yogurts were produced: one control sample and three experimental variants enriched with chia oil (0.63%), cod liver oil (1.55%), and algal oil (1.10%). Coriander essential oil (0.038%) was added to each oil formulation. The products were monitored on days 1 and 14 of storage. The oils were pre-encapsulated in alginate beads to limit oxidative processes and preserve sensory properties. Yogurt samples were evaluated for oxidative stability, fatty acid composition, microbiological parameters, physicochemical properties, textural and sensory characteristics. Titratable acidity, pH, water-holding capacity, antioxidant activity, and microbiological parameters were not significantly affected by the incorporation of encapsulated oils. In contrast, significant differences were observed in texture and sensory attributes among the enriched variants. The chia oil sample exhibited the highest oxidative stability, followed by the algal oil yogurt, whereas the lowest stability was observed in the cod liver oil variant; however, all products remained within acceptable oxidation limits up to day 14. Approximately 350 g, 260 g, and 120 g of yogurt enriched with chia, cod liver, and algal oil, respectively, were required to meet the recommended daily omega-3 intake. The developed products demonstrated potential as dairy foods enriched with omega-3 fatty acids, with improved nutritional value.
Funding Information
  • European Union-Next Generation EU (BG-RRP-2.004-0009-C02)
  • Medical University - Varna
  • European Commission

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