Local and electronic structures of BaTiO3/KNbO3 nanocomposite particles

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Abstract
In order to enhance the ferroelectric properties, composite nanoparticles with a core–shell structure were prepared, and since BaTiO3 (BT) core and KNbO3 (KN) shell form a hierarchical structure, structural analysis was performed at various scales using a combination of synchrotron radiation and electron microscopy. The KN shell layer was epitaxially grown on the BT core and exhibited a distinct structure from the bulk. Additionally, the local structure and chemical bonding state of the KN shell layer exhibited discrepancies from those of the bulk, a phenomenon attributable to the two-dimensional growth and epitaxial effects analogous to those observed in thin films. There were significant changes in the electronic states not only at the interface with the core, but also at the surface of the shell layer. Composite nanoparticles can effectively modify the chemical bonding states of ferroelectrics through the effects of dimensionality and size.

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