In this article, we focus on peer victimization, which involves the receipt of any act of aggres- sion from similar-age peers, as opposed to vic- timization from parents or other adults, siblings, or aspecific members of the community (Finkel- hor & Dziuba-Leatherman, 1994). The forms of aggression children might experience include physical (e.g., being hit), verbal (e.g., being called names), and relational (e.g., having neg- ative gossip about oneself spread; Archer & Coyne, 2005; Card, Stucky, Sawalani, & Little, in press). Aggression also serves different func- tions, with some acts being instrumental (aimed at obtaining social or material rewards) and others reactive (an angry response to perceived threats; Card & Little, 2006). Although these distinctions are useful in understanding aggressive behavior, we focus on general features of peer victimization here because individual differences in tendencies to be victimized in various ways are highly correlated, and the antecedents and conse- quences have not been convincingly shown to differ by victimization type. Thus, our general treatment should provide information relevant to all types of victimization.