An equation of state for shock loaded powders

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Abstract
A simple analytical model is developed for the shock Hugoniot of a powdered material. Previous models have exhibited decreasing accuracy when applied to powders and porous materials of high initial porosity. This deficiency has been avoided in the present model. A special feature of this model is provision for a cold pressure loading relation which covers the full range of consolidation mechanics including relative particle movement, elastic and plastic deformation, fracture and bulk compression. This empirical cold loading relation is incorporated into a Mie–Grüneisen treatment of the shock process. This ensures that the model correctly describes behavior for all starting porosities and shock strengths and as such is suitable for use with all powdered and porous materials. A limiting density ratio is prediced at high shock strengths. The accuracy of the model is demonstrated by comparison with previously published shock compaction data.

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