Solubility of Iridium and Ruthenium Organometallic Photoredox Catalysts
- 18 March 2019
- journal article
- research article
- Published by American Chemical Society (ACS) in Organic Process Research & Development
- Vol. 23 (5) , 1087-1095
Abstract
Despite the exponential growth of the field of photocatalysis, for reasons that are not entirely clear, these precious photocatalysts are often used in the literature at loadings that exceed their maximum solubility. On an industrial scale, the quantity of any precious-metal catalyst can be a substantial financial burden or a sourcing issue, not to mention concerns as to the ecological and earth abundance of these catalysts. We believe that inattention to solubility has made these reactions appear less efficient than they actually are because much of the photocatalyst remains undissolved. Therefore, the maximum solubilities of iridium- and ruthenium-centered photocatalysts in industrially relevant solvents have been systematically identified. Furthermore, a literature photocatalytic reaction that our results suggested was beyond the maximum solubility has been revisited with interesting results.Keywords
Funding Information
- Division of Chemistry (CHE-1453891, CHE-1559874)
This publication has 15 references indexed in Scilit:
- Visible‐Light Photocatalysis: Does It Make a Difference in Organic Synthesis?Angewandte Chemie International Edition, 2018
- Photocatalysis applied to organic synthesis – A green chemistry approachCurrent Opinion in Green and Sustainable Chemistry, 2018
- The merger of transition metal and photocatalysisNature Reviews Chemistry, 2017
- Proton‐Coupled Electron Transfer in Photoredox Catalytic ReactionsEuropean Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2017
- Photochemical Perfluoroalkylation with Pyridine N -Oxides: Mechanistic Insights and Performance on a Kilogram ScaleChem, 2016
- Advances in Photocatalysis: A Microreview of Visible Light Mediated Ruthenium and Iridium Catalyzed Organic TransformationsOrganic Process Research & Development, 2016
- Visible Light Photocatalysis: Applications and New Disconnections in the Synthesis of Pharmaceutical AgentsOrganic Process Research & Development, 2016
- Discovery and mechanistic study of a photocatalytic indoline dehydrogenation for the synthesis of elbasvirChemical Science, 2015
- Solar Synthesis: Prospects in Visible Light PhotocatalysisScience, 2014
- Visible Light Photoredox Catalysis with Transition Metal Complexes: Applications in Organic SynthesisChemical Reviews, 2013