Self-Healing, Transmission, and Communication Properties of Bessel-Gaussian Vortex Beam in the Underwater Environment

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Abstract
Bessel-Gaussian (BG) vortex beams are non-diffracting beams carrying orbital angular momentum, which have potential applications against ocean turbulence and are expected to solve the bottleneck problem of long-distance and high-rate transmission of light underwater. In this paper, an experimental link for underwater vortex optical communication is constructed, and the underwater transmission and communication characteristics of Gaussian beams and BG vortex beams with different orders are investigated under the seawater channel conditions of air bubbles, sediment, and turbulence. The light intensity images, beam drift, and scintillation indices are analyzed, the bit error rate (BER) during communication is calculated, and the self-healing characteristics of the BG vortex beams in underwater channel environments with obstacles are investigated. The results show that the BG vortex beam has lower beam drift, optical intensity scintillation, and more stable underwater data transmission performance compared with the Gaussian beam under various simulated ocean channel conditions, and the higher-order BG beam has better transmission performance than the zero-order BG beam. This research provides a robust and useful alternative to withstand ocean turbulence and improve the reliability and capacity of optical communication systems.
Funding Information
  • Cultivation Project of Major Research Program of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (92052106)
  • National Natural Science Foundation of China (61771385)
  • Innovation Team of Higher Education Institutions in Shaanxi Province
  • Key Core Technology Tackling Project of Key Industrial Chain of Xi’an Municipality (103-433023062)
  • Key Research and Development Program of Xianyang Municipality (L2023-ZDYF-QYCX-025)
  • Key Laboratory Fund of Visible Optical Communication in Henan Province (HKLVLC2023-B05)
  • Shaanxi Science and Technology Innovation Team (2024RS-CXTD-12)

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