Energy Storage Requirements for Inverter-Based Microgrids Under Droop Control in d-q Coordinates

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Abstract
This article proposes a novel distributed control approach for Hamiltonian Surface Shaping and Power Flow Control (HSSPFC) method to determine Energy Storage Systems (ESSs) requirements for three-phase, inverter-based Microgrids (MGs). Here, local system references are obtained through a primary d-q droop control which is supported by a level-zero Hamiltonian controller. ESS devices are the actuators of the system to enforce reference points. The control approach as well as power flow and energy transfer model of the MG enables the ESS capacity and bandwidth to be obtained. As a result, a zero-output ESS element analysis is defined which can further be used to study storage requirements versus additional constraints. Communication network update-rate can affect ESSs and filtering requirements. The developed analysis is demonstrated in parallel and looped nine-bus WSCC reduced-order MG system examples to obtain ESS requirements versus communication network update-rate (bandwidth).
Funding Information
  • US National Science Foundation (1541148)

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