Harmonic-Based Analytical Model for Detecting Stator-Winding Short Circuit and Eccentricity Faults in Wound-Field Synchronous Generators

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Abstract
Conventional analytical models for fault detection in salient-pole synchronous generators often ignore the influence of higher-order force harmonics, limiting their diagnosis accuracy. This paper proposes a harmonic-based analytical model, integrating the Maxwell stress tensor and airgap flux density, and accounting for both radial and tangential components of force under various fault conditions to investigate the impact of inter-turn short circuit (ITSC) and rotor eccentricity (ECC) faults on the force density and vibration characteristics in wound-field synchronous generators (WFSMs). The effects of ITSC and ECC faults are analyzed through spatiotemporal harmonic analysis, showing significant shifts in the harmonic spectrum with additional spatial harmonics at higher frequencies. The proposed analytical model is numerically verified through finite element analysis and experimentally validated on an in-house testbed of healthy and faulty WFSMs. The results prove that the proposed model effectively detects fault-related variations, particularly through higher spatial and temporal harmonic components whereas existing models primarily focus on the fundamental frequency components.
Funding Information
  • Norges Forskningsr?d (333871)

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