Rhino-Orbital Cerebral Mucormycosis in a Patient With Diabetic Ketoacidosis: A Case Report and Literature Review
Open Access
- 4 May 2022
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Frontiers Media SA in Frontiers in Neurology
- Vol. 13, 815902
Abstract
Background: Rhino-orbital cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM) is a rare, invasive, and fatal fungal disease. Due to the lack of specific clinical manifestations and adequate auxiliary examinations, patients are easily misdiagnosed in the early stage. Early diagnosis and timely therapy are essential for successful treatment.Case Report: We report a 68-year-old man with diabetic ketoacidosis, presented with orbital apex syndrome (OAS), fever, and pansinusitis, which progressively worsened to death only 4 days after admission. It was finally confirmed as a fungal Rhizopus arrhizus infection by metagenomics cell-free DNA next-generation sequencing (mNGS) testing.Conclusion: Orbital apex syndrome could be the initial presentation for mucormycosis. Thus, it is necessary to evaluate the presence of mucormycosis in patients with OAS, especially in diabetic or immunosuppressed hosts, and mNGS testing and timely antifungal therapy should be strongly recommended in highly suspected cases.Keywords
This publication has 47 references indexed in Scilit:
- Why is mucormycosis more difficult to cure than more common mycoses?Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 2014
- Hierro e infección fúngica invasivaRevista Iberoamericana de Micologia, 2013
- Early Clinical and Laboratory Diagnosis of Invasive Pulmonary, Extrapulmonary, and Disseminated Mucormycosis (Zygomycosis)Clinical Infectious Diseases, 2012
- Zygomycosis in Europe: analysis of 230 cases accrued by the registry of the European Confederation of Medical Mycology (ECMM) Working Group on Zygomycosis between 2005 and 2007Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 2011
- Invasive fungal disease: better survival through early diagnosis and therapeutic interventionExpert Review of Anti-infective Therapy, 2011
- Rhinocerebral mucormycosis in patients without predisposing medical conditions: a review of the literatureClinical Microbiology and Infection, 2009
- Delaying Amphotericin B–Based Frontline Therapy Significantly Increases Mortality among Patients with Hematologic Malignancy Who Have ZygomycosisClinical Infectious Diseases, 2008
- Indications for Orbital Exenteration in MucormycosisOphthalmic Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, 2006
- Epidemiology and Outcome of Zygomycosis: A Review of 929 Reported CasesClinical Infectious Diseases, 2005
- Hyperbaric oxygen as an adjunctive treatment for zygomycosisClinical Microbiology and Infection, 2005