Ferromagnetic Spots in Graphite Produced by Proton Irradiation

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Abstract
A proton microbeam produces ferromagnetic spots on a highly oriented graphite surface. The Figure shows the topography and the magnetic force microscopy (MFM) images obtained after irradiating the surface with a beam size of 1 μm × 1 μm and a dose of 0.098 nC μm–2. The strength of the magnetic signal is only a factor of ∼ 10 smaller than that obtained on Fe particles.