The effect of balance training with stroboscopic glasses on postural stability and activity level in patients: a meta-analysis

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Abstract
Background: Sensory integration, particularly visual feedback, is essential for motor control and balance. Stroboscopic glasses, which intermittently restrict visual input, have emerged as a promising tool for rehabilitation and performance enhancement. Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the impact of balance training with stroboscopic glasses on postural stability and activity levels in patients with chronic ankle instability or multiple sclerosis. Methods: A systematic search of Science Direct, Web of Science, and PubMed was conducted up to September 2024 using relevant keywords. Randomized controlled trials published in English were included, excluding studies with incomplete data or abstract-only publications. From 5,691 screened records, five studies met the criteria, involving predominantly male patients with chronic ankle instability or multiple sclerosis. Result: Balance training with stroboscopic glasses significantly improved postural stability (Z = 4.83, p < 0.001), while changes in activity scores were not statistically significant. Most studies demonstrated low risk of bias and strong methodological quality. Conclusion: Stroboscopic glasses appear effective in enhancing postural stability, though their impact on activity levels remains unclear. Larger, diverse samples and comparative studies with other training methods are needed to validate these findings and explore long-term benefits. Keywords: Activity level; chronic ankle instability; multiple sclerosis; postural stability; stroboscopic glasses.

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