Determination of the adhesion force between bubbles using holographic optical tweezers

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Abstract
This work presents and validates a methodology to manipulate bubbles in foam. As the bubble has a lower index of refraction than the surrounding media, optical trapping with a single Gaussian profile is impossible. Instead, a circular array of traps is used to effectively confine the bubble. As the bubble does not present Brownian motion, trapping is calibrated using the drag method, finding optical stiffnesses close to pN/mm. We apply the presented method to determine the adhesion force between two bubbles of different sizes and vary the surface tension, which is expected to have a significant effect on the adhesion forces.

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