Foundations for a Generic Ontology for Visualization: A Comprehensive Survey
Open Access
- 18 October 2025
- journal article
- review article
- Published by MDPI AG in Information
- Vol. 16 (10) , 915
Abstract
This paper surveys existing ontologies for visualization, which formally define and organize knowledge about visualization concepts, techniques, and tools. Although visualization is a mature field, the rapid growth of data complexity makes semantically rich frameworks increasingly essential for building intelligent and automated visualization systems. Current ontologies remain fragmented, heterogeneous, and inconsistent in terminology and modeling strategies, limiting their coverage and adoption. We present a systematic analysis of representative ontologies, highlighting shared themes and, most importantly, the gaps that hinder unification. These gaps provide the foundations for developing a comprehensive, generic ontology of visualization, aimed at unifying core concepts and supporting reuse across research and practice.Keywords
Funding Information
- Slovenian Research and Innovation Agency (ARIS) through the research program Knowledge Technologies (P2-0103)
This publication has 48 references indexed in Scilit:
- Ontology Generation Using Large Language Models2025
- Geospatial data ontology: the semantic foundation of geospatial data integration and sharingBig Earth Data, 2019
- Ontology2018
- Visual Analytics Ontology-Guided I-DE System: A Case Study of Head and Neck Cancer in Australia2018
- Evaluation of the OQuaRE framework for ontology qualityExpert Systems with Applications, 2013
- An ontology of 3D visualization techniques for enriched 3D city models2012
- An Enhanced Visualization Ontology for a Better Representation of the Visualization Process2011
- Bringing semantics to visualization servicesAdvances in Engineering Software, 2007
- SVG and X3D: New XML Technologies for 2D and 3D Visualization2006
- Modelling Ontology Evaluation and Validation2006