Epidemiology and microbiology of recurrent UTI in women in the community in Oxfordshire, UK

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Abstract
Recurrent urinary tract infection (rUTI) contributes to significant morbidity and antibiotic usage. To characterize the age of women experiencing rUTI, the microbiology of rUTIs, and the risk of further rUTIs in Oxfordshire, UK. We retrospectively analysed de-identified linked microbiology and hospital admissions data (Infections in Oxfordshire Research Database), between 2008 and 2019, including positive urine cultures from women aged ≥16 years in community settings. We defined rUTI as ≥2 positive urine cultures within 6 months or ≥3 within 12 months. Of 201 927 women with urine culture performed, 84 809 (42%) had ≥1 positive culture, and 15 617 (18%) of these experienced ≥1 rUTI over a median (IQR) follow-up of 6 (3–9) years. Women with rUTI were 17.0 (95% CI: 16.3–17.7) years older on average. rUTI was commonest (6204; 40%) in those aged 70–89 years. Post-rUTI, the risk of further UTI within 6 months was 29.4% (95% CI: 28.7–30.2). Escherichia coli was detected in 65% of positive cultures. Among rUTIs where the index UTI was E. coli associated, the second UTI was also E. coli associated in 81% of cases. rUTIs represent a substantial healthcare burden, particularly in women >60 years. One-third of women experiencing rUTI have a further microbiologically confirmed UTI within 6 months.
Funding Information
  • NIHR
  • NIHR Community Healthcare MedTech
  • In Vitro Diagnostics Co-operative at Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust (MIC-2016-018)
  • NIHR Applied Research Collaboration Oxford
  • Thames Valley at Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust
  • National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit
  • Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance at Oxford University in partnership with the UK Health Security Agency (NIHR200915)
  • NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford

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