Synthesis of a cyclodextrin azo dye [3]rotaxane as a single isomer

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Abstract
Azo coupling between 2,6-dimethylphenol and aqueous 4,4′-bis(diazonio)azobenzene chloride in the presence of α-cyclodextrin yields an azo dye [3]rotaxane as a single stereoisomer, with the 2,3-rims of both cyclodextrins pointing outwards.